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- <text id=90TT1356>
- <title>
- May 28, 1990: France:Issues Of Color And Of Creed
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- May 28, 1990 Emergency!
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 35
- FRANCE
- Issues of Color And of Creed
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> In the past ten years, police have recorded at least nine
- desecrations of Jewish cemeteries in France. None of those
- episodes provoked the torrent of outrage unleashed by the
- grisly find two weeks ago in a graveyard in Carpentras in
- southern France. Investigators speculate that four vandals set
- upon the Jewish burial ground in the hours before dawn,
- shattering tombstones with sledgehammers and iron bars. The
- desecraters, who are still unidentified, dragged one woman's
- body halfway out of her grave. They also exhumed the corpse of
- an 81-year-old man buried only two weeks earlier and impaled
- it on an umbrella.
- </p>
- <p> The profanations at Carpentras were followed by a wave of
- copycat crimes last week. Graves were vandalized or painted
- with swastikas in at least six other Jewish cemeteries around
- the country. In the Brittany city of Quimper, red Stars of
- David were spray painted on 17 stores. In Royan, a 41-year-old
- schoolteacher was badly beaten by two masked assailants after
- she discussed racism with her students. Coming on top of recent
- attacks against North African immigrants, the atrocities that
- began at Carpentras prompted some French citizens to wonder
- whether their society were fundamentally sick. Said Paris'
- Chief Rabbi Joseph Sitruk: "This incident would never have been
- possible in a France that was united, worthy and responsible."
- </p>
- <p> While the Carpentras scandal has focused attention on
- anti-Semitism, hostility toward North African immigrants is a
- graver concern. In a survey in February, 76% of those polled
- said there were too many Arabs in the country; they make up
- some 2 million of France's 56 million people. In March three
- men of North African origin were brutally murdered in separate
- race-tinged attacks. Mayors of several towns, overwhelmed with
- immigrants, have tried to limit the number of foreign children
- in their schools. Last week the mayor of Charvieu-Chavagneux
- was indicted for illegally ordering the bulldozing of a mosque
- last August; one of the five people who were praying inside was
- injured.
- </p>
- <p> More than ever, French politicians and commentators are
- blaming Jean-Marie Le Pen, leader of the far-right National
- Front, for the current outbreak of intolerance. Recent polls
- give him the support of 15% of the population. After
- Carpentras, Interior Minister Pierre Joxe called Le Pen a racist
- and a provocateur. The National Front leader has aimed his
- invective mainly at North Africans. But he has also made
- outrageous remarks about Jews, calling the Nazi gas chambers
- "a point of detail" in history and making a pun involving the
- word crematory on a Jewish minister's name.
- </p>
- <p> Le Pen condemned the sacrilege at Carpentras, but his
- critics argue that his dogma of bigotry has encouraged this
- kind of depravity. Three weeks ago, the National Assembly
- passed a law--apparently aimed at the National Front--excluding from public service anyone convicted of inciting
- racial hatred.
- </p>
- <p> In the wake of the desecrations, 2,000 French Jews applied
- to immigrate to Israel; the usual weekly average is 50. But
- experts on ethnic conflict caution against alarm. Says
- sociologist Pierre-Andre Taguieff: "Today antiracism is growing
- faster than racism. The anti-Semites are marginal."
- </p>
- <p> Underscoring his point, tens of thousands of citizens took
- part in marches all across France last week to register their
- disgust with bigotry. In the Paris protest, which drew some
- 80,000 people, members of all religions and political parties--except Le Pen's--rallied together for the first time in
- recent memory. Even President Francois Mitterrand was there,
- marking the first time since Paris' liberation in 1945 that a
- French head of state has taken to the streets to demonstrate.
- </p>
- <p> The forceful silent march raised hopes that this week's
- parliamentary debate on immigration and integration would
- produce a moderate consensus, which has so far proved elusive,
- on how to tackle these prickly issues. But that is not likely
- to stop the National Front. Le Pen's forces, always part of the
- problem, seem uninterested in any solution.
- </p>
- <p>By Lisa Beyer.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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